The global market size of High Precision Density Meter is $XX million in 2018 with XX CAGR from 2014 to 2018, and it is expected to reach $XX million by the end of 2024 with a CAGR of XX% from 2019 to 2024.
Global High Precision Density Meter Market Report 2019 - Market Size, Share, Price, Trend and Forecast is a professional and in-depth study on the current state of the global High Precision Density Meter industry. The key insights of the report:
1.The report provides key statistics on the market status of the High Precision Density Meter manufacturers and is a valuable source of guidance and direction for companies and individuals interested in the industry.
2.The report provides a basic overview of the industry including its definition, applications and manufacturing technology.
3.The report presents the company profile, product specifications, capacity, production value, and 2013-2018 market shares for key vendors.
4.The total market is further divided by company, by country, and by application/type for the competitive landscape analysis.
5.The report estimates 2019-2024 market development trends of High Precision Density Meter industry.
6.Analysis of upstream raw materials, downstream demand, and current market dynamics is also carried out
7.The report makes some important proposals for a new project of High Precision Density Meter Industry before evaluating its feasibility.
There are 4 key segments covered in this report: competitor segment, product type segment, end use/application segment and geography segment.
For competitor segment, the report includes global key players of High Precision Density Meter as well as some small players. At least 13 companies are included:
- Anton Paar
- KEM Electronics
- Alfa Mirage
- Mettler-Toledo
- Rudolph
- Thermo Scientific
For complete companies list, please ask for sample pages.
The information for each competitor includes:
- Company Profile
- Main Business Information
- SWOT Analysis
- Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin
- Market Share
For product type segment, this report listed main product type of High Precision Density Meter market
- In Line
- Desktop
For end use/application segment, this report focuses on the status and outlook for key applications. End users sre also listed.
- PharmacEuropetical
- Chemical & Petrochemical
- Beverage
- Others
For geography segment, regional supply, application-wise and type-wise demand, major players, price is presented from 2013 to 2023. This report covers following regions:
- North America
- South America
- Asia & Pacific
- Europe
- MEA (Middle East and Africa)
The key countries in each region are taken into consideration as well, such as United States, China, Japan, India, Korea, ASEAN, Germany, France, UK, Italy, Spain, CIS, and Brazil etc.
We also can offer customized report to fulfill special requirements of our clients. Regional and Countries report can be provided as well.
Table of Content
Chapter 1 Executive Summary
Chapter 2 Abbreviation and Acronyms
Chapter 3 Preface
3.1 Research Scope
3.2 Research Methodology
3.2.1 Primary Sources
3.2.2 Secondary Sources
3.2.3 Assumptions
Chapter 4 Market Landscape
4.1 Market Overview
4.2 Classification/Types
4.3 Application/End Users
Chapter 5 Market Trend Analysis
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Drivers
5.3 Restraints
5.4 Opportunities
5.5 Threats
Chapter 6 Industry Chain Analysis
6.1 Upstream/Suppliers Analysis
6.2 High Precision Density Meter Analysis
6.2.1 Technology Analysis
6.2.2 Cost Analysis
6.2.3 Market Channel Analysis
6.3 Downstream Buyers/End Users
Chapter 7 Latest Market Dynamics
7.1 Latest News
7.2 Merger and Acquisition
7.3 Planned/Future Project
7.4 Policy Dynamics
Chapter 8 Trading Analysis
8.1 Export of High Precision Density Meter by Region
8.2 Import of High Precision Density Meter by Region
8.3 Balance of Trade
Chapter 9 Historical and Current High Precision Density Meter in North America (2013-2018)
9.1 High Precision Density Meter Supply
9.2 High Precision Density Meter Demand by End Use
9.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
9.4 Type Segmentation and Price
9.5 Key Countries Analysis
9.5.1 US
9.5.2 Canada
9.5.3 Mexico
Chapter 10 Historical and Current High Precision Density Meter in South America (2013-2018)
10.1 High Precision Density Meter Supply
10.2 High Precision Density Meter Demand by End Use
10.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
10.4 Type Segmentation and Price
10.5 Key Countries Analysis
10.5.1 Brazil
10.5.2 Argentina
10.5.3 Chile
10.5.4 Peru
Chapter 11 Historical and Current High Precision Density Meter in Asia & Pacific (2013-2018)
11.1 High Precision Density Meter Supply
11.2 High Precision Density Meter Demand by End Use
11.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
11.4 Type Segmentation and Price
11.5 Key Countries Analysis
11.5.1 China
11.5.2 India
11.5.3 Japan
11.5.4 South Korea
11.5.5 ASEAN
11.5.6 Australia
Chapter 12 Historical and Current High Precision Density Meter in Europe (2013-2018)
12.1 High Precision Density Meter Supply
12.2 High Precision Density Meter Demand by End Use
12.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
12.4 Type Segmentation and Price
12.5 Key Countries Analysis
12.5.1 Germany
12.5.2 France
12.5.3 UK
12.5.4 Italy
12.5.5 Spain
12.5.6 Belgium
12.5.7 Netherlands
12.5.8 Austria
12.5.9 Poland
12.5.10 Russia
Chapter 13 Historical and Current High Precision Density Meter in MEA (2013-2018)
13.1 High Precision Density Meter Supply
13.2 High Precision Density Meter Demand by End Use
13.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
13.4 Type Segmentation and Price
13.5 Key Countries Analysis
13.5.1 Egypt
13.5.2 Iran
13.5.3 Israel
13.5.4 South Africa
13.5.5 GCC
13.5.6 Turkey
Chapter 14 Summary for Global High Precision Density Meter (2013-2018)
14.1 High Precision Density Meter Supply
14.2 High Precision Density Meter Demand by End Use
14.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
14.4 Type Segmentation and Price
Chapter 15 Global High Precision Density Meter Forecast (2019-2023)
15.1 High Precision Density Meter Supply Forecast
15.2 High Precision Density Meter Demand Forecast
15.3 Competition by Players/Suppliers
15.4 Type Segmentation and Price Forecast
Chapter 16 Analysis of Global Key Vendors
16.1 Anton Paar
16.1.1 Company Profile
16.1.2 Main Business and High Precision Density Meter Information
16.1.3 SWOT Analysis of Anton Paar
16.1.4 Anton Paar High Precision Density Meter Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
16.2 KEM Electronics
16.2.1 Company Profile
16.2.2 Main Business and High Precision Density Meter Information
16.2.3 SWOT Analysis of KEM Electronics
16.2.4 KEM Electronics High Precision Density Meter Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
16.3 Alfa Mirage
16.3.1 Company Profile
16.3.2 Main Business and High Precision Density Meter Information
16.3.3 SWOT Analysis of Alfa Mirage
16.3.4 Alfa Mirage High Precision Density Meter Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
16.4 Mettler-Toledo
16.4.1 Company Profile
16.4.2 Main Business and High Precision Density Meter Information
16.4.3 SWOT Analysis of Mettler-Toledo
16.4.4 Mettler-Toledo High Precision Density Meter Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
16.5 Rudolph
16.5.1 Company Profile
16.5.2 Main Business and High Precision Density Meter Information
16.5.3 SWOT Analysis of Rudolph
16.5.4 Rudolph High Precision Density Meter Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
16.6 Thermo Scientific
16.6.1 Company Profile
16.6.2 Main Business and High Precision Density Meter Information
16.6.3 SWOT Analysis of Thermo Scientific
16.6.4 Thermo Scientific High Precision Density Meter Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
16.7 Kruess
16.7.1 Company Profile
16.7.2 Main Business and High Precision Density Meter Information
16.7.3 SWOT Analysis of Kruess
16.7.4 Kruess High Precision Density Meter Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Tables and Figures
Table Abbreviation and Acronyms List
Table Research Scope of High Precision Density Meter Report
Table Primary Sources of High Precision Density Meter Report
Table Secondary Sources of High Precision Density Meter Report
Table Major Assumptions of High Precision Density Meter Report
Figure High Precision Density Meter Picture
Table High Precision Density Meter Classification
Table High Precision Density Meter Applications List
Table Drivers of High Precision Density Meter Market
Table Restraints of High Precision Density Meter Market
Table Opportunities of High Precision Density Meter Market
Table Threats of High Precision Density Meter Market
Table Raw Materials Suppliers List
Table Different Production Methods of High Precision Density Meter
Table Cost Structure Analysis of High Precision Density Meter
Table Key End Users List
Table Latest News of High Precision Density Meter Market
Table Merger and Acquisition List
Table Planned/Future Project of High Precision Density Meter Market
Table Policy of High Precision Density Meter Market
Table 2014-2024 Regional Export of High Precision Density Meter
Table 2014-2024 Regional Import of High Precision Density Meter
Table 2014-2024 Regional Trade Balance
Figure 2014-2024 Regional Trade Balance
Table 2014-2024 North America High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Figure 2014-2024 North America High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and CAGR
Figure 2014-2024 North America High Precision Density Meter Market Volume (Tons) and CAGR
Table 2014-2024 North America High Precision Density Meter Demand (Tons) List by Application
Table 2014-2019 North America High Precision Density Meter Key Players Sales (Tons) List
Table 2014-2019 North America High Precision Density Meter Key Players Market Share List
Table 2014-2024 North America High Precision Density Meter Demand (Tons) List by Type
Table 2014-2019 North America High Precision Density Meter Price (USD/Ton) List by Type
Table 2014-2024 US High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 US High Precision Density Meter Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Canada High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Canada High Precision Density Meter Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Mexico High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Mexico High Precision Density Meter Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 South America High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Figure 2014-2024 South America High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and CAGR
Figure 2014-2024 South America High Precision Density Meter Market Volume (Tons) and CAGR
Table 2014-2024 South America High Precision Density Meter Demand (Tons) List by Application
Table 2014-2019 South America High Precision Density Meter Key Players Sales (Tons) List
Table 2014-2019 South America High Precision Density Meter Key Players Market Share List
Table 2014-2024 South America High Precision Density Meter Demand (Tons) List by Type
Table 2014-2019 South America High Precision Density Meter Price (USD/Ton) List by Type
Table 2014-2024 Brazil High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Brazil High Precision Density Meter Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Argentina High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Argentina High Precision Density Meter Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Chile High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Chile High Precision Density Meter Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Peru High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Peru High Precision Density Meter Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Asia & Pacific High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Figure 2014-2024 Asia & Pacific High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and CAGR
Figure 2014-2024 Asia & Pacific High Precision Density Meter Market Volume (Tons) and CAGR
Table 2014-2024 Asia & Pacific High Precision Density Meter Demand (Tons) List by Application
Table 2014-2019 Asia & Pacific High Precision Density Meter Key Players Sales (Tons) List
Table 2014-2019 Asia & Pacific High Precision Density Meter Key Players Market Share List
Table 2014-2024 Asia & Pacific High Precision Density Meter Demand (Tons) List by Type
Table 2014-2019 Asia & Pacific High Precision Density Meter Price (USD/Ton) List by Type
Table 2014-2024 China High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 China High Precision Density Meter Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 India High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 India High Precision Density Meter Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Japan High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Japan High Precision Density Meter Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 South Korea High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 South Korea High Precision Density Meter Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 ASEAN High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) List
Table 2014-2024 ASEAN High Precision Density Meter Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 ASEAN High Precision Density Meter Import (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 ASEAN High Precision Density Meter Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Australia High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Australia High Precision Density Meter Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Europe High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Figure 2014-2024 Europe High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and CAGR
Figure 2014-2024 Europe High Precision Density Meter Market Volume (Tons) and CAGR
Table 2014-2024 Europe High Precision Density Meter Demand (Tons) List by Application
Table 2014-2019 Europe High Precision Density Meter Key Players Sales (Tons) List
Table 2014-2019 Europe High Precision Density Meter Key Players Market Share List
Table 2014-2024 Europe High Precision Density Meter Demand (Tons) List by Type
Table 2014-2019 Europe High Precision Density Meter Price (USD/Ton) List by Type
Table 2014-2024 Germany High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Germany High Precision Density Meter Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 France High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 France High Precision Density Meter Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 UK High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 UK High Precision Density Meter Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Italy High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Italy High Precision Density Meter Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Spain High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Spain High Precision Density Meter Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Belgium High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Belgium High Precision Density Meter Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Netherlands High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Netherlands High Precision Density Meter Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Austria High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Austria High Precision Density Meter Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Poland High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Poland High Precision Density Meter Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Russia High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Russia High Precision Density Meter Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 MEA High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Figure 2014-2024 MEA High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and CAGR
Figure 2014-2024 MEA High Precision Density Meter Market Volume (Tons) and CAGR
Table 2014-2024 MEA High Precision Density Meter Demand (Tons) List by Application
Table 2014-2019 MEA High Precision Density Meter Key Players Sales (Tons) List
Table 2014-2019 MEA High Precision Density Meter Key Players Market Share List
Table 2014-2024 MEA High Precision Density Meter Demand (Tons) List by Type
Table 2014-2019 MEA High Precision Density Meter Price (USD/Ton) List by Type
Table 2014-2024 Egypt High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Egypt High Precision Density Meter Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Iran High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Iran High Precision Density Meter Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Israel High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Israel High Precision Density Meter Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 South Africa High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 South Africa High Precision Density Meter Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 GCC High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 GCC High Precision Density Meter Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Turkey High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) and Market Volume (Tons) List
Table 2014-2024 Turkey High Precision Density Meter Import & Export (Tons) List
Table 2014-2019 Global High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) List by Region
Table 2014-2019 Global High Precision Density Meter Market Size Share List by Region
Table 2014-2019 Global High Precision Density Meter Market Volume (Tons) List by Region
Table 2014-2019 Global High Precision Density Meter Market Volume Share List by Region
Table 2014-2019 Global High Precision Density Meter Demand (Tons) List by Application
Table 2014-2019 Global High Precision Density Meter Demand Market Share List by Application
Table 2014-2019 Global High Precision Density Meter Capacity (Tons) List
Table 2014-2019 Global High Precision Density Meter Key Vendors Capacity Share List
Table 2014-2019 Global High Precision Density Meter Key Vendors Production (Tons) List
Table 2014-2019 Global High Precision Density Meter Key Vendors Production Share List
Figure 2014-2019 Global High Precision Density Meter Capacity Production and Growth Rate
Table 2014-2019 Global High Precision Density Meter Key Vendors Production Value (M USD) List
Figure 2014-2019 Global High Precision Density Meter Production Value (M USD) and Growth Rate
Table 2014-2019 Global High Precision Density Meter Key Vendors Production Value Share List
Table 2014-2019 Global High Precision Density Meter Demand (Tons) List by Type
Table 2014-2019 Global High Precision Density Meter Demand Market Share List by Type
Table 2014-2019 Regional High Precision Density Meter Price (USD/Ton) List
Table 2019-2024 Global High Precision Density Meter Market Size (M USD) List by Region
Table 2019-2024 Global High Precision Density Meter Market Size Share List by Region
Table 2019-2024 Global High Precision Density Meter Market Volume (Tons) List by Region
Table 2019-2024 Global High Precision Density Meter Market Volume Share List by Region
Table 2019-2024 Global High Precision Density Meter Demand (Tons) List by Application
Table 2019-2024 Global High Precision Density Meter Demand Market Share List by Application
Table 2019-2024 Global High Precision Density Meter Capacity (Tons) List
Table 2019-2024 Global High Precision Density Meter Key Vendors Capacity Share List
Table 2019-2024 Global High Precision Density Meter Key Vendors Production (Tons) List
Table 2019-2024 Global High Precision Density Meter Key Vendors Production Share List
Figure 2019-2024 Global High Precision Density Meter Capacity Production and Growth Rate
Table 2019-2024 Global High Precision Density Meter Key Vendors Production Value (M USD) List
Figure 2019-2024 Global High Precision Density Meter Production Value (M USD) and Growth Rate
Table 2019-2024 Global High Precision Density Meter Key Vendors Production Value Share List
Table 2019-2024 Global High Precision Density Meter Demand (Tons) List by Type
Table 2019-2024 Global High Precision Density Meter Demand Market Share List by Type
Table 2019-2024 Regional High Precision Density Meter Price (USD/Ton) List
Table Anton Paar Information List
Table SWOT Analysis of Anton Paar
Table 2014-2019 Anton Paar High Precision Density Meter Product Capacity Production (Tons) Price Cost (USD/Ton) Production Value (M USD) List
Figure 2014-2019 Anton Paar High Precision Density Meter Capacity Production (Tons) and Growth Rate
Figure 2014-2019 Anton Paar High Precision Density Meter Market Share
Table KEM Electronics Information List
Table SWOT Analysis of KEM Electronics
Table 2014-2019 KEM Electronics High Precision Density Meter Product Capacity Production (Tons) Price Cost (USD/Ton) Production Value (M USD) List
Figure 2014-2019 KEM Electronics High Precision Density Meter Capacity Production (Tons) and Growth Rate
Figure 2014-2019 KEM Electronics High Precision Density Meter Market Share
Table Alfa Mirage Information List
Table SWOT Analysis of Alfa Mirage
Table 2014-2019 Alfa Mirage High Precision Density Meter Product Capacity Production (Tons) Price Cost (USD/Ton) Production Value (M USD) List
Figure 2014-2019 Alfa Mirage High Precision Density Meter Capacity Production (Tons) and Growth Rate
Figure 2014-2019 Alfa Mirage High Precision Density Meter Market Share
Table Mettler-Toledo Information List
Table SWOT Analysis of Mettler-Toledo
Table 2014-2019 Mettler-Toledo High Precision Density Meter Product Capacity Production (Tons) Price Cost (USD/Ton) Production Value (M USD) List
Figure 2014-2019 Mettler-Toledo High Precision Density Meter Capacity Production (Tons) and Growth Rate
Figure 2014-2019 Mettler-Toledo High Precision Density Meter Market Share
Table Rudolph Information List
Table SWOT Analysis of Rudolph
Table 2014-2019 Rudolph High Precision Density Meter Product Capacity Production (Tons) Price Cost (USD/Ton) Production Value (M USD) List
Figure 2014-2019 Rudolph High Precision Density Meter Capacity Production (Tons) and Growth Rate
Figure 2014-2019 Rudolph High Precision Density Meter Market Share
Table Thermo Scientific Information List
Table SWOT Analysis of Thermo Scientific
Table 2014-2019 Thermo Scientific High Precision Density Meter Product Capacity Production (Tons) Price Cost (USD/Ton) Production Value (M USD) List
Figure 2014-2019 Thermo Scientific High Precision Density Meter Capacity Production (Tons) and Growth Rate
Figure 2014-2019 Thermo Scientific High Precision Density Meter Market Share
Table Kruess Information List
Table SWOT Analysis of Kruess
Table 2014-2019 Kruess High Precision Density Meter Product Capacity Production (Tons) Price Cost (USD/Ton) Production Value (M USD) List
Figure 2014-2019 Kruess High Precision Density Meter Capacity Production (Tons) and Growth Rate
Figure 2014-2019 Kruess High Precision Density Meter Market Share
Anton Paar
KEM Electronics
Alfa Mirage
Mettler-Toledo
Rudolph
Thermo Scientific
Kruess
ISSYS
Bopp&Reuther Messtechnik
Emerson
Dongguan Hongtuo
Hangzhou Jinmai
Kebeida
1. Analyzing the outlook of the market with the recent trends and SWOT analysis
2. Market dynamics scenario, along with growth opportunities of the market in the years to come
3. Market segmentation analysis including qualitative and quantitative research incorporating the impact of economic and non-economic aspects
4. Regional and country level analysis integrating the demand and supply forces that are influencing the growth of the market.
5. Market value (USD Million) and volume (Units Million) data for each segment and sub-segment
6. Competitive landscape involving the market share of major players, along with the new projects and strategies adopted by players in the past five years
7. Comprehensive company profiles covering the product offerings, key financial information, recent developments, SWOT analysis, and strategies employed by the major market players8. 1-year analyst support, along with the data support in excel format.